Steam-generator.



A. A. CARY.

STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED 00T. 26, 1911.

Patented Sept. 1, 1914.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

A. A. CARY.

STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLmATIoN FILED 001.211.1911.

Patented Sept. 1, 1914.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED 00T. 26, 1911.

A. A. CARY.

STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLIUATION FILED 001.26, 1911.

Patented Sept. l, 1914.

5 SHEETS*-SHBBT 4.

SWU@ wie@ @ZL/.t a. CMV @13 @111011412130 WMe/awa;

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

Patented Sept. 1, 1914.

Il... 33H3 ttozuu 7% www A. A. CARY,

STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED 001226, 1911.

UNITED SrAjii-E.s3 PATENT einem.

ALBERT A. CARY, OF NEXV YORK, N. Y.

STEAM-GENERATOR.

LUHLQH Specification of Letters Patem.

Application tiled October 26. 1911. Serial No. 656.798.

To G whom umg concer/r.'

Re it known that I, Ammer A.' Gang-a citizen ofthe lnited States, and aresident of. New York, county of New York, and Stale o-fI ew York, hare'invented Certain new Iand 'useful Improvements inA Steam- (lenerat-ora,of which the following,r is a specification. A

Thif.l invention relatcs't-o certain new. and nsefnl iinprorementr; ininethods and apparat-ns for generatinar steam, and more part-icnlarly tothat of thewater tnhe type.

(lne object-o my invention is to l)roridc an arrangement of the classdescribed,l which ix extremely nimple and e'llicient and yet nmehreduced in size. as compared with prior `@team generators; 0f theg'samecapacitv l. further object of my invention is to provide a method and:steam generator in which the steam generated shall always pass in the:fame direct-ion as the-water -in the steam generating tubes.. and inwhich all 'of the steam generating!talles"are arranged snbstglintiallyparallel is t-ln'it the lspacclec.- enpied bythelio'ller'is.mnchreduced, und

the boiler as a wholerendered .inoreellieiente A lfiirther objcetrofInyinvntion is vto provide a vboiler with one or more o the nl'oveadvantages', and in'whih the water tubes are arraiigedlin sncsive banks,and in which water is Sup lied to' the'lower end of ea'ch bank of tubeslint passessnrcesqirely 'doivnwfardljx from ybank tofbank. i

A fnrtheaobjeet of my invention is to proi'ide. :auch an arrangelnel'ltwith one or more of the aboveadvantages, in which the,

.steam generated in the various banks of (alici: iscolleeterl at thehead of each bank or section and taken directly 'to the steam drinnwillmnt being caused to pass through other hankn of water tube. ,orthrough inter-v reninybodies of' water.-

A further object ofjny Vinveiition is to provide. inlprovcd means forcontrolling the. water :aipply to sach generators, andan improved mean#Yfor frcei'ner the steam from water before the steam is'passed to theSteam drum.

will more clearly appear fi'onrtlie detailed description given below.,taken in conlicction with the aemnnpanying drawings which. -form a.part, -oll tlns specification.

Referring; to the drawings, Figure 1 isa vertical :section of'a steamgenerator elnlml 'mfr in im rorements 1n one form -an elevation,

vand the. lefthand .-3, water drinn;l of a steam etantially parallelal'xdhincl i ["mther objects, featuresand adrantages taken on theA linel-lofflig; 2,' certain parts heim.r shown sojmfewl'nit diagrammaticall)v for the `Sake ofclcarnesfs. "Fig il 'is tlre. ri; fllit.` handportion being a section takenfon the line'llll portion being a front,View of Fig. 1. Fig. i.. i elevation showimY thestcain pipes connect--ing,r the 'various ieadcrs. Fig. 4 is a detail section taken on the lineIVflV olV I"i:f.'3.

Fig. 5 is a Vertical. Section olha, modified Ytorm of `genera-tor takenon the line "if-Voi Fig. l. Fig. G is a vertical the. line Vf-#YI ofFig.. 5; lge, and 3 are vertical sections of Still further niodiiie'dform of generator. Fig. 9 AiS'a detail(see.,q tion taken on the lineXfl'X of lfig. '3.

section taken lon sents the grati-,a steam d rnnhaiidfj 1: n 'n.or.`generator is provided witlra veri.. of water tubes A. Il, (ffl). Y bankin this` conslri-irtioni tnhcrA of therarionsbaiil rr'x'nged'snhved'fnpn' rdly toward the fronti-*ofthe generator;jand Vthe banks arearranged.cleely fadjaegnl; t' another, nml succes i 'lhe npperfront'em'.; o the .'tu'he's `ol"'}.:1eh bank enter headers Se f hf" l1.".2', andn'll, respectively. while ,the lowf.; emi-.5t of the tnhes`ofcaeh bank enter headers 151i', .17, XS. and lil, respectively, thasformingv a pl\.1!:\.lit. of sections.' Y I' Arranged adjacent totherein' header-S114 header-'v10 withthe..chamber .l. .\v pipe-'Ill adetailed iront..

r Ily licln'n" one another.

connects the chamber V13 "with the rear header 17. A pipe-43?) eminertsthe' fronthender l1 with the chamber l. A pipe ill? connects the.chalnheilal with the rear header 18. A pipe 37 connects 'the frontheader 12 with the chaniher'l. A pipe 3S l conneets the chamber 25iththe lrear header VSO 19. A pipe 39 connects the front header 13 withthe chamber 26. A pipe 40 connects the chamber 2G with the rear header19. A pipe 41 connects the chamber 20 with the steam drum 2. x A pipe 42connects the steam drum with the water drums 3, 4, and o, and also withthe chamber 20, in order to equalize the pressure throughout thesystem.A

The chambers 20 to 26 inclusive, are connected to one another by escapepipes 43' so that any air or va or which may collect in any of thesecham ers may rea/dilypass upward through the various chambers and ,thepipes 43 and 42 to the steam drum 2,

thuil` Supplyingiwater free from air or vapor to headers 14, 15, &c. Thevarious pipes 28 to 38 inclusiye, are arranged at one side of thev banksof steam generating tubes A to F, and are preferably built in thebrick-work of the enerator, vso that they are substantially outside ofthe main heat zone.

The various front headers S to 13 are connected together by means ofsteam pipes 43 bent U-shaped so that the steam which collects in thefront headers` may pass rapidly upward from header to header until itreaches the top front header 8 whence it is flows downwardly throughpipe`30 into the rear header 15 of the next succeeding bank below,flooding the tubes of the section or bank B. 'lhe water in thesetubesflows upwardly into the front header J whence it passes throughpipes 31 to the chamber 22, thence downwardly to the rear header 1li,

looding the bank (l, then into the upper header lO'tlu-ough pipes 33into the chamber 23, thence downwardly througlrpipe 34 into the chamber17,- flooding the bank l), then from the front header 11 through tubes35 into chamber 24, thence downwardly into the rear header ,1S floodingthe bank l), and from header 12 through pipes 37 into chamber 25,-thencedownwardly through pipes 38 into the lower rear header 19, flooding.course the lower bank of tubes F. Any overflow from these tubesinto'the front header 13 may pass through pipes 39 into chamber 26 whichis connected with the rear header 19 .by pi e 40. It will thus be seenthat the Olhe water through the boiler is upwaridl in all of the tubes 6und 7 of each utis downwardly, from bank to bank s 80 tliat all of thesteam generated in the 'banks of tubes u\ to F passes upwardly thereinin the same direction in which the water passes through them, therebyfacili tating the movement of the steam to the front headers S to 13. Inthe front headers S to 13 the water is separated from the steam, thewater passing through the pipes il) etc.. the steam passing upwardlythrough the pipes 43 and 41 to the steam drum 2. 'l`hus a progressiveheating of the water is provided in the generator itself, the rearheaders being purely water headerspwhile the, front headers are steamheaders and in which practicallyv `all of the steam is collected. A pipe45 connects the three water drums 3 and 1 and 5 together so as toequalize the pressure and water level therein. Some water will becondensed in the steam drfum 2 and when its level rises above the top ofthe pipe 4l, water will flow down through pipe 41 to chamber 20, to actas feed water for the generator. 'lo take oil an) air which mightcollect in pipe 27 a pet cock 27 is provided.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 3 and 4, the various front headerssuchas 9 and l() are providedwith hand hole openings -l6 covered byplates 47 held in position by means of spiders npand bolts 49. The handhole openings are arranged elliptical in shape so as to permit the readyentrance of .the plates 47, and are also arranged of proper size topermit the withdrawal of the tubes 7 ol the various banks. Opposite thetubes l', of each bank are arranged openings through which the tubes 6of:.each bank may be withdrawn. In these openings at are placed springrings 51 against which are .si-ated the beveled ends of the connecting Upipes 43S. The, Ubendsl 43 cinnect the front headers with one another asis clearly shown in Figs. 1 to 4. 'l`he-U-bends are thoroughly forcedinto and held in place by means' of clamps 52 provided with hooks oilengaging under pins :'il. 'l'he pins 54 extend between uprights 55,integral ,with or sel cured to the Vfront sides of the 'front head--ers. 'lhe U-bent pipes 43 are provided with bosses 5f which are adaptedto be engaged by screws 5V passing through they clamps 52, so that byoperating the screws 5H the U `bent pipes may be thoroughly forced intoplare to l'orm -a steam light joint and properly connect the frontheaders so as to fornr a direct passage of the, steam from one headr-rto another upwardly to `the steam drum.

ln order to properly free the steam from water as it leaves the upperends of the tubes and 7, and prevent the steam from carrying water withit u i through the connecting pipes 43, l proride bellies' 57. The

baflles 57 are arranged opposite the ends of the U-lmnt pipes Thesebaffles are hollow and tubular in shape and provided with flanges at 5S,which are seated in the seats of the openings 5l). The ends ol the.bailles 57 opposite the pipes /l are closed as by partitions .39, andthe tops ol' the baille ineinbers are cut away as at 6U. 'l`lie liatlleineinhers are proi ided with openings 6l in their bottom poi-tions, asclearly shown in Figi. 4. It will be understood that the outer ends ot'the tubular inenibers bi' opposite ithe partition 5" are open and leaddirectly into the iipes 43.

liioni the above it will he clear that as the steain and water rush outolI the upper pipes 6 iiito the 'rontheaders, the steam ,uid walter willstrike the partition Till. the rater beingr caused to drop downwardlywhhe theA steam passes over the top of the partition 59 thrfiuph thecutaway part 6() and into the baille nienilier itsell'. The steam thenhas free passage upwardly through the pipes l?, to the steaiii druin`Any water which inay collect in the baille member 57 is drained outthrough the openings 6l.

ln order to provide suitable and auto 1 matie means for regulating thesupply ol' water to the generator, l provide a pipe 6:2 extending intothe rhaniber 26, thence upwardly through the pipes 42S and into acondenser at 63. 'llie condensa-r (Li is provided with a plurality ofpasses as 6l, 6.4 through uhich etealn troni the pipe 62 is ilaused topass. Froin the lower pass 64 of the condenser ('l a pipe 65 leads intothe water druin .7, and thence into a chamber 66 situated in the waterdrinn 'lhe chamber 66 in the present instance is t'orinedl of a'relatively large pipe bent U-shape, and the supply pipe 27 extendsupwardly through the bottoni ol' the druin 5 andl into the chainber (36.For operatin,"y the condenser cold waterpipes67 are provided thereinIund sup plied with eold water from the supply pipe 6H. A\itcr passingrthrough the condenser t cold water is delivered to the druin 5 by meansof :i pipe (Si) where it may be used as feed water. 'lhe lower end ofthe pipe 62 in the chamber 26 is situated at the level at which it isdesired. to maintain the water in the front header lil, that is, at alevel sull'icient to flood the lower bank of pipes ll.

Should the water in the chamber 26 he lowered below the. lower end ofthe pipe 62,

"lhen'steaiyi which collects in the chamber 26 will pass upwardly in thepipe ($2 to the condenser 63.. The steam being condensed in thecondenser (l produces a suction or partial vacuum inthe chamber 66,thereby rausing the level of. the water in chamber (lo to be'raisedrelatively to thel level oi' the water outside of the chamber (16 and inthe druni 5. This raises the level of water in the chainhei 06 abovethe, top ot' the supply pipe 27, causing water to be deliiered throughthe pipe 27 to the chamber 2() iroin water diuiii 5. Iri order thatthedesired vacuum may be properly proilueed in the chamber 66, and not betoo quickly reduced by the admission of too much steam froin the lowerend of the pipe 62, there is provided in the pipe 62 a plate 67 providedwith one or inoreY small perforations therein.g Thus the passage of thesteam through the pipe 62 is much retarded by the perforated plate 67 soas to allow' the formation ot a sulicient reduction of pressure in thechamber 66 to cause water to be sucked upwardly therein in the openingsin the bottoni of the chamber 66 from the druin 'lhis action causeswater to be supplied to the chamber 2() from which 'it is in turnsupplied to the various banks of tubes as already explained. until itreaches. the lower/bank of tubes l( where it will raise the level of thewater therein and in the chamber '26 until it reaches and closes thelower end ol' the pipe 62 whereby further adinission of steani to thepipe 62 is prevented thereby causing the action of the condenser (325 tocease, whereupon the level ol` the water in the chamber 66 will not befurther increased above the top of the pipe Z7. and further supply ofwater to the generator is cut ofi'.

lly the means above described the supply of water, to the generator isautomatically controlled so as to inaitain the water level in thechainher 26 substantially at the lower end of the pipe 62, and therebycause the lower bank of tubes F to be eontinuall flooded with waterunder a suitable hea lIt will be understood ofcourse that if the lowerbank of tubes l" is sutiiciently supplied with water, the other banksabove will be sulliciently supplied with water, since water can not besupplied to the bank 1 until all of the other banks are properly filled.

Referring to the modification shown in -Figs. 5 and (l, the generatorthere shown is provided with the usual grate 7() and with a seiiies ofbanks of tubes (l, Il, l, J, l( and L. The tubes of these banks are allinclined and substantially parallel to each other and arranged closelyadjacent to one another as in Fig. 1. Front headers are provided foreach bank as at 7l, 72, 73, 74,

75 and 7G, while corresponding,r rear headers any front header to the`rear header of the bank below, pipes uil, 8l, S45, H6'. S7 and H8 areprovided, the pipe 83 leadinpr from the front header 7l to the secondrear header 7S, the pipe H4 leadingr from the front header 72 to thethird rear header 7). the pipe S5 leading' from the i'ioiit header 73 tothey fourth rear header 86, the pipe 86 leading,r l'roin the frontheader 74 to the iifth rear header 81, the pipe 87 leading from thefront header 75 to the lower rear header 82, and the, pipe S8 leading`from the front header 76 to the lower rearheador 82. A

fao

supply pipe 89 leads from the stealn and water-,drums 90 to the upperrear header 77, and water may be supplied through said pipe to properlysupply the generator in any well known manner. It will be understoodthat the pipes S3 to 88 inclusive, are arranged at the sides of thevarious banks o steam generating tubes tl to L inclusive. and preferablyin the 'side walls or brickwork of the generator or so that they aresubstantially outside of the main heat zone. The front headers are eachprovided with pipes 91 which connect each front header with the headerabove it, and extend upwardly 'therein sutliciently to allow a propel'depth o1' water to be maintained therein without it tlowing to theheader below. It will therefore he clear that the steam which isdelivered into the l'ront headers from the various banks of tubes to Linclusive, will readily pass upward through the pipesl J1 into the upperheader 71, and thence by pipe 92 into the Steam space ,of the drum 90.1n case the water in any of the front headers should rise higher thandesired, there are provided a series ot' pipes 93 connecting the frontheaders with one another, having their lower ends sealed in the water inthe header below. 1n case the water in any front header rises above thetop ot' these pipes it will pass therethrough to the header below, thussupplying water to any bank below which needs thc same. The generaloperation of this inodilication, as will be readily understood, issubstantially the same as the operation o1' the generator shown in Fig.1.

Referring to l `ig. 7 the mmlilication there shown is provided with theusual grate 100, and with a seriesy o1' banks of water tubes M, N, t). 1and Q. These tubes are all in clined upwardly toward the front of thegenerator, and are provided respectively with front headers 101, 10;.103, 101 and 105. and with rear headers 10o, 107, 10S, 102) and 110.rlhe top front header 101 is connected to the rear header of the bankbelow by the pipes 111, which is at one. side ofthe steam generatingltubes and preferably in the brickwork of the generator. The front header10;), is connected with the rear header ol' the bank below by pipe 112.The front header 103 is connected with the header ol' the bank below b vpipe llll, and the heador 101 is connected with the lower rear header bypipe l1l. tonnected with the lowest rear header 110 by passage 11.3. isachamber 111i. 1t will therefore be seen that by the arrangement ot thepipes described the water supplying the generator passes successivelydownward from bank to bank through the pipes 111 to l1l.but that all ol'passes upwardly in the same direction as the water, whereby it is morereadily freed f rom the steam generating tubes. Each rear header isprovided with an upward extension 117 extending upwardly into the headerabove, but sealed with respect thereto. Each of the upward extensions117 is provided with a connecting pipe 118 which extends upwardlyv intothe extension 117 of the header above. This arrangement allows of thelevel ot' the water in the various headers rising up to or above thelower ends of the tubes of the bank above, and also provides acontinuous passage to permit the escape ot any air or vapor that maycollect in the rear headers so that this air or vapor may pass upwardlythrough the various pipes 11B to the extension 117 of the top rearheader whence it may pass by means of pipe 11.) to the steam space ofthe steam and water drum 120. Thus thel water is supplied to the lowerends of the steam tubes i'ree from air or vapor. A pipe 121 connects thesteam space o1' thealrum 1".0 with the rear header lllt' so that anysteam or gas collected therein may he passed to the drum 120. For thcpurpose ot collecting the steam delivered to the front headers, thefront headers are provided with pipes 122 Connecting eaclr header withthe header above. These pipes extend 'upwardly above the water level ol'the header above, and Slightly below the water level o1' the header intowhich they extend below. 1t will therefore he seen that as steamcollects in any of the front headers it a-t tirst has no means of escapethere l'rom, but as the steam collects .it causes the pressure in thefront headers to slightly rise, thereby depressing the water leveltherein until the water level is below the lower ends of the pipes 122,whereupon direct and free passage is atlorded the steam through thepipes 12?. to the header above from which it passes in the same mannerto the next header above, and so on to the top header 101` where, in asimilar-manner, it passes into the steam space ot' the drum 120 by the.pipe 123.

ln order to-properly regulate the supply ol' water to the generator, thesup ly pipe. 194 leads l'rom near the bottom of tlie steam and waterdrum 120 to a double seated valve 125. From the valve 125 the water issupplied through pipe 126 to the upper rear header 10G. From the upperheader 10G water is supplied to the remaining rear headers and banks oftubes in the same manner as described with regard to the modificationsshown in the other' figures. For operating the valve -125 the same isprovided with a stem 127 which may be moved 'upwardly against the actionof the spring 128 the steam generating tubes oil' the banks i\l l inorder to supply water from the drum 120 to nielusiye are inclinedupwardly in the to the header 106. livotally connected with samedirection so that the steam therein l the spindle 127 is a lever 128which is pivmaar@ oted to the ychamber' 116 at 1.29 Pivotally connectedto the dischhrge end of the lever is a lloat 130 floating in the waterin the chamber 116. It will be clear that if the level of the water inchamber 116 `drops be- 10W a predetermined point, the weight ol' thefloat 13() will cause the valve tobe opened against the action o f thespring 128, thereby causing Water to bey supplied to header 106. Thelevel of the Water in the chamber 116 is designed to be such as tvproerly iood the lower bank of tubes Q in order to keep them at all timesas full of Water as possible. As soon as the level of the water inchamber 116 rises sutlieiently, or to the predetermined point asdesired, the float 130 is raised likewise so as to close the valve 125and shut olf the suppl) of water.

In respect to all three forms of generator it will therefore be seenthat the water eir culation is by one continuous lieu' through all ofthe water tubes, first through the upper bank, then through the banknext below, and so on down to the bottom bank or row of tubes. Bythis'the water is gradually heated until it reaches the bottom bank oftubes where the temperature is greatest, and it is rapidly convertedinto steam. Since the connectingpipes such as 29, 85C., in Fig. 1, allpass at one side of the banks of steam generating tubes, the generationof steam therein is practically prevented so that practcallyno steam isgenerated therein which would retarddor. hinder.v the solid body ofwater from flowing therethrough to any material.extent.r It will ofcourse be under stood that a very small quantity oi steam may be carriedalongiwith the water in these side tubes. uml an immaterial amount ofvsteam might be generated therein. But the generation of steam thereinis cut down to' avery small amount so as not to interfere in any Waywith their capacity for conducting the water, and practically all thesteam .generated in the generator is rapidly taken oil' at the upper endof each bank of tubes and directly conducted to the steam drum 2 Withouthaving to pass through any part but ythe upper ends of each of the steamgenerating tu )es in which it is generated. By inclining the steamgenerating tubes as shown the flow of Water therein'is always upwardtoward the front header Where the steam is taken off.. Thus the steamin. esca 'iu'gg passes along with the water and tegus to aid in themovement of the water, und the movenn'nt of the water tends to aid inthe movement of the steam to get it but of the tubes :is soon aspossible in n der that y may he refilled. uitlfwater soon as pos ible.By thus keeping-the steam generating Lubes, and especially the lowerbank of tubes, ra )idly filled with water` the eiciency thea-eo' is veryconsiderably creased. l

In some classes of boilers the front header is not made of horizontalsections, and is substantially filled with water to its top. In suchcase the steam generated at the nl' atei', and water and steam togetherare dis iarged into the'overhead `drum,rwhich is dismlrantageons. ln myimproved boiler, however, the steam generated in thel lower bank oftubes has a free path directly to the steam drum and Hows alone intothat drum. lt has been pointed out that the natia' fel through thegenerator is progress el heated fro-ni the time it enters the bei untilit. is evaporated into steam. As u. l 4remliiy appear, this .is done byproviding what is like routiunous coil of 'iipest the Water passing asin Fig. l through the bank A and return tubes E29 and 30 forming onecoil, then through bank Il and return tubos il! and 32' 'harming thenext coil, and so on. The legs of each coil which are subjected to thefurnace gas 1 all :nd upwardly to the 'front header 'where the steam istaken oil' from earl log separately from its highest level. The(lewin-smul leg, that is, one cour posed of the return pipes such as 29and il' passes outside of the boiler proper so that it is not subjectedto the furna'ee gases, and little or no steam generated therein. Thesteam does not have to pass through the return pipes sur-li a" "l andand 31, Sw., in order to ge 5' the steam drum. where, if it didz it wg i,f uliect on the top surface of the pipes Q5, El? alie.. and formpockets which would not be readily filled with vater, thereby decreasingthe eiliciency of the boiler. By quickly and readily removing the steamfrom the banks of steam t r erating tubes, the same are quickly reilll.thereby keeping all of them linst as full Water as is possible all ofthe time so that the greatest amount of heat may be taken un so as tocause the greatest trans-mi elleiencv possible. The steam in no y 4 ofthe boiler has to pass in a direction con trary to the movement of thewater but al ways with it, and steam generated in the lower banks oftubes cannot be diverted from its upward i'mssage to the steam drum soas to flow downward through they upper banks of tubes toward the rearheaders, as @curs in Certain oihor types of Water tube liiolers.Furthernru-e by providing the wir ter ein; ulaiion so that it downwardlyfrom bank to bank and progres-1lrely hea t- -r-rl. the older water is nutop. and since the older water is muoh more dense than the luf-atedwater below it Causes a `greater head te be prtjuluf-ed. thereby makingthe circulal tion more active and elieient to Vmore rapidlyrefill thebanks belowV as may be necessary.

Also by placing the return pipes2 930, 31, 4 82, Sie.. at one Vside orin the brikwork of the gen:.\rator, the steam generating banks lowertubes has to pass through all this head f lll) 1 lil may be arrangedclosely adjacent to one another so as not only to minimize the size of.the boiler as a whole, but to get the greatest is carried'to thechambers 21, 22, &c., where it is allowed to escape freely by means ofpipes 43 to the steam drum 2.

A further advantage in having the coldest water in the top banks of theboiler, and the hottest water in the lowerbanks, is that as the heatedgases of combustion pass upwardly they are of necessity more or lesscooled so that in abstracting further heat energy therefrom the colderthe pipes are at the top the greater amount of heat energy will be takenfrom these gases. This of course increases the eliiciency of the boilerand at the same time allows the boiler to have all the other advantagespointed out.

A further advantage of the progressive circulation and heating is thatin all such boilers there is a certain amount of scale which is throwndown in the tubes of the boiler and in many forms this is precipitatedin the lower bank of tubes where because of the excessive heat it isbaked hard upon them, but in the form of boiler which I have describedany scale which enters the generator would be first thrown down in theupper banks of tubes, and before it reaches the lower bank of tubes.Being thrown down in the upper bank of tubes it does not bake hard uponthem because they are not so highly heated and it may therefore be moreeasily removed. Since this scale and these impurities are not throwndown in the lower banks of tubes nearest the fire, it leaves the lowertubes always free whereby they are able to generate steam at theposition of greatest efficiency and the heat-conducting power thereofisy not diminished. This is of very considerable importance since thegreatest heat rtransmlssion takes place at the lower tubes, and it is imyrtant that these be kept clean in order t at the heat transmissionthereof may not be diminished. The efiiciency of the boiler is not somaterialy decreased because of the deposit of softer scale in the uppertubes as the relative heat transmission of the upper tubes iscomparatively smaller. 'l`he water therefore arrives at the lower banks.of tubes pure and very much heated. Each section discharges its steam asrapidly as it is generated, and gets rid of any excess vof water withdespatch above the quantity needed forA the section to perform itsperfect function.

It will further appear that the pipes 43 connecting the various frontheaders connect only with the top parts of said headers so that onlysteam gets into them, and they .the sprin are not blocked in any way bywater but are always kept free forv the passage of steam to the steamdrum 2.

Referring to Fig. 1 the cold feed water, aside from the quantityintroduced in the condenser 63, is introduced into the second drum 3,which being placed over the heating chamber of the boiler, absorbs acertain amount of heat. The water then flows to the drum 4 where itcontinues to absorb more heat, and thence to the drum 5 where, afterabsorbing more heat, it is supplied through the pipe 27 to the rearheader 20. By extending the chamber 66 as nearly as possible to thebottom of the water drum 5, it will be seen that practically the entirewater contents of the overhead water drums is available to supply thewater tubes below. Thus if the attendant neglects to keep the waterdrums at any predetermined fullness, or should the water feedingapparatus be stopped due to carelessness, or due to accident,substantially the entire remaining contents of the water drums will beavailable to supply the boiler tubes with water. Thus no exactpredetermined water level in the overhead drums is made necessary. Thepressure-operated device for regulating the flow of water tov the watertubes of the generator, shown in Figs. 1 and 2, entirely eliminates allvalves and other parts mechanically moved. The perforated plate 67 maybe provided with several small perforations so that there is nosubstantial danger of Lthem all becoming stopped at the same time byforeign particles or the like. If desired, an ordinary gate, globe orplug valve, could be substituted for the plate 67, or a ball, Hap ormushroom check valve could be similarly substituted, which would closeau# tomatically when a certain vacuum pressure was reached, admittingsuccessive arr'vunts of steam afterward as the intensity 0I the vacuumdiminished, all of which devices are known in places desiring similarservice. The baffle 57, shown in Figs'3 and 4, is especially eliicientin that it can'be very easily removed. Upon the removal of the Ubentpipes 43 the batlles 57 are easily slipped out, thus leaving theopenings free for the removal of the steam generating tubes 6 or forcleaning as desired. If desired the baille 57 may be made integral withthe. pipe 43,

therefore making it unnecessary t0 fit the baffle into the headers 7.The mclusion of packing ring 51 prevents any leakage o 'team and wateraround theseats of the pipes 43.

From the above it will be clear thatI have providedy an exceptionallyeiicien steamgenerator of simple construction in which the .water isprogressively heated and caused to ,pass vprogressively downward frombank to Ibank of steam generating tubes, out in Cil which the steamalways passes in the same direetion with the water in the steam generating tubes. and in whieh the steam is taken otl at the upper ends ofeaeh bank ot tubes and allowed to pass directly to the steam drum,whereby the water eireulation rendered most etlieient, and the waterarrives at the bottom banks of tubes in a most heated and efficientcondition for the rapid generation of steam. l `urthermore, by passingthe return pipes 29 to 31. &e.. outside of the banks of steam generatingtubes. and substantially outside of the main heat zone, the steamgenerating tubes (i and i' may be plaeed closely adjaeent to one anotherand in staggered relation so as to absorb the greatest amount ot heattrom the hot gases. Furthermore, in placing the return pipes '225), 31,&e., outside as deseribed. no substantial amount of steam is generatedtherein, so that the water is given a most free eireulal tion. By theeonstruetion of the boiler noted l may be pushed or forced very l andthe generator mueh above its rated capacity most eilieient manner.

In Fig. 8 l have illustrated a modified Aform whieh embodies some of thenovel traA tures of my invention but which is far interior to theeonstruetion illustrated in Fig. 1, ete.

ln the modification yshown in Fig. S. 130 represents a steam and waterdrum with a supply water pipe 131, and steam outlet 132. i .\s in theother tigures this Construction is l i i in a provided with front steamheaders 133, 131, 135. liti and 137, and with rear water head ers 138,139, 140, 111 and 142. Extending downwardly from the front to the rearheaders are banks ot steam generating tubes lt, S, T, U and V. Feedwater is t'ed from drum'1l0 to lowerl rear header lili by means of pipe14B. The water then llows through the set-tion of steam generating tubesV and that whieh is not. transformed into steam is poured into thetroutI header .137, whence it is earried to the next rear header 111 byside pipes 1li. \\'here the pipe 14-1 enters the header 111 it isprovided with an elbow' 115, one end 11T` eonneeting with the pi ie 1Hand the other end V14o leading to tiie header l-l'l. This elbow also hasleading trom its top a pipel 111i ,which extends up wardly and into thesteam spare of the steam drum lili). rl`he bottom ot the elbow is strlukup as at llt) in order to form a sort ot' baille whieh aids inseparating any entrained gases troni the water. eauses thel gases to bedirected upwardly into the pipe liti whence they are carried to thesteam drum. while the water drops bark and flows into the rear header111 through the end 1i??l ot the elbow. Tater from the rear header 111then flows upwardly through the steam i generating pipes ll into theupper header '18o from which it tlojws through side pipe Vdrum 130.

150 to the next rear header 140. The water then carried progressivelyupward through the steam generating tubes T, S and R. and the side pipes151 and 152. The water is eaused to flow upwardly in the path deseribedby means of the head of water in the feed pipe 143 and drum 130. .\n ventrained gases passing through thel pipes 1li, 150. 131 and 152 areearried o by the pipes 14o, 153, 154 and 155 respectively. Where 150`151' and 152, are eonneeted to the pipes 153, 1M, and 155 and theheaders 140, 139 and 138, they are provided with elbows similar to 145.Any steam or gas whieh might eolleet in the rear header 14'.) is earriedto the steam drum 130 by means of a pipe 151i leading from the top ofthe header. For the same purpose pipes 15T. 15S, 159 and 160 lead fromthe top of the headers 11h 110` 135) and 13S and eonneet with pipesl-lti, 153, 1511 and 155 so that any steam or gas which might eolleet inany of the rear headers will be properly eonduend to the steam drum.

ln order to conduct the steam collet-ted in the t'ront .st/earn headers133 to 13T to the steam drum, pipes 161. 169, 163. 164 and 16.7 areprovided eonneeting the steam drum with the header 133 and eaeh frontheader with the header below. The lower ends these pipes are beveled otfas at 166 and normally the water level in these headers is at the lowerends of these pipes. The steam generated in the section V being conveyedto the header 137 Causes the pressure. therein to inerease so that thewater level therein is depressed until the` lower end of the pipe 165 isunsealed when the steam will pass upwardly to the stam spaee in header13G. llere the same aetion will be repeated and so on up through thefront headers until the steam reaches the steam spaee in the It will benoted that in this modiieation the water is fed upwardly through thegenerator so that this eonstruetion does not have the great praetiealadvantage of the downward feed shown in the other tigures. vllowever ithas eonsiderahle advantages over some prior structures and might befound desirable in some, eases.

Although l have deseribed my improvements in great detail and withrespect t0 eertain particular t'orms, nevertheless many changes andmoditieations may be made therein without departing from the spirit andseope of my invention. and l therefore do net desire to be limited toany of the details shown and deserilied exeept as elearly speeiliedhereinafter in the appended claims.

llaving thus fully and elearly described in v improvements. what l rluimas new and desire to secure by Letters latent, istv l. ln a steamgenerator. ,i plurality of steam generating tubes` all inrlined in theSame direetion, a header for eaeh end of Abanks of inclined steamgenerating water tubes, front and rear headers for said banks.

said tubes being substantially all inclined in the same direction andmeans for admitting water to the lower end of each tube and causing thewater to pass progressively downwardly through the successive banks oftubes.

3. In a steam generator, a plurality of banks of inclined steamlgenerating water tubes, front and rear headers for said banks of tubes,and means for conducting water from the front header of one bank oftubes to the rear header of the bank below, said means being situatedoutside of the main heat zone whereby steam is not materially generatedin said means.

4. In a steam generator, a plurality of inclined water tubes, and meansfor conducting water from the upper end of one tube to the lower end ofthe tube below, said means being situated outside of the main heat zonewhereby no material amount of steam is generated in said means.

5. In a steam generator a plurality of banks of inclined water tubes,the tubes of each lyin substantially parallel to one another an`extending in substantially a common plane, whereby the space occupied byt'he tubes is reduced, and means for conducting the water from the upperends of each bank of tubes to the lower ends of the next succeeding bankof Mtubes below.

6. A water tube steam generator having setsof steam generating watertubes, means for causing water to pass successively through the tubesfrom set to set and down ward until it reaches the bottom set, and meansfor automatically maintaining a predetermined water level in connectionwith the supply end of the lower tubes.

7. In a steam generator a plurality of inclined'water tubes, the upperend of one tube being above the lower end of the next succeeding tubeabove, and means for conducting the water from the upper end of eachtube to the lower end of the next succeeding tube below.

8. In a. steam generator the combinationk of front and rear headers, aplurality of banks of water tubes extending upwardly from the rear tothe front headers, said banks lying closely adjacent to one another, andmeans for conducting the water from the upper ends of each bank of tubesto the lower ends of the next succeeding bank of tubes below.

9. In a steam generator the combination of front and rear headers, aplurality of water tubes, all of said tubes being inclined in the samedirection whereby said tubes may be placed closely adjacent one another,and means for conducting the water from Vthe upper end of one tube tothe lower end. of a tube below.

10. In asteam generator the combination of front and rear headers, aplurality of banks of water tubes, all of said tubesl being inclined inthe same direction whereby said banks may be placed closely adjacent toone another. and means for conducting the water from the upper ends ofone bank of tubes to the lower ends of a bank of tubes below, said meansembracing water conducting mcans lying outside the main heat zone.whereby generation of steam therein is substantially prevented.

11. In a steam generator a plurality of inclined water tubes. the upperend of one tube being above the lower end of the next succeeding tubeabove, and means for con ducting the water from the upper end of eachtube to the lower end of the next succeeding tube below, said meansembracing water conducting means lying outside the main heat zonewhereby generation of steam therein is substantially prevented.`

12. In a steam generator a plurality of banks of water tubes, front andrear headers therefor, said tubes extending upwardly from one header tothe othbnand lying in substantially parallel planes whereby the spaceoccupied by the tubes is reduced, and means for conducting the waterfrom the upper ends of each bank of tubes to the lower ends of the nextsucceeding bank of tubes below, said means embracing water conductingmeans lying outside the main heat zone.

13. In a steam generator a plurality of inclined water tubes, lyingsubstantially parallel to one another, whereby the space occupied by thetubes is reduced. and means for conducting water from the upper end ofeach tube to the lower and of the next succeeding tube below, said meansembracing water conducting means lying outside the main heat zonewherebj.7 generation of steam therein is substantially prevented.

14. A Water tube steam generator having all its steam generating tubesinclined and fed with water at their lower ends whereby the water passesupwardly in said tubes with the steam generated, said tubes beingarranged in banks and means passing at one side of said steam generatingtubes for conducting water from the upper ends of one bank of tubes tothe lower end of the bank of tubes below.

15. A steam generator having a plurality of banks of steam generatingwater tubes lying substantially parallel to one another, and means forconducting water from the upper eiuls of the tubes of each bank to thelower ends of the tubes of the bank below, the lower ends olf the tubesoi one bank being below the upper ends of the tubes of the nextsucceeding bank below.

'1(3. A steam generator having;r a plurality of inelineil water tubeslyingr in banks, front and rear headers for said banks, the rear headerof each oank lying lower than the, front header ot' the. saine bank andconneetingr means` whereby the water flows upwardly in nach tube. butdownwardly from `oank to bank.

l?. A. Water tube steam generator baring steam generating water tubesinclined upwardly in the same direction, and meansV for supplying waterto the lower ends 0I" said tubes and musing it to pass successivelydownwardly through said tubes to the bottom tubes of the generator.

18. A Water tube steam generator having a series ot steam generatingWater tubes inn rlinefl upwardly and arranged in banks vlosely:fuljxuff'nt one another, a front and rear beafler for each bank. andeontlueting pipes for ronilucting water troni the upper bender ol' ea/fhbank to the lower header of the bank below.

l?. A water tube strani generator having a series of steam generatingwater tubes inelinerl upwardly and arranged in banks. elosely arljarenlone another. a` front and rear hea'ler 'for each bank. andv conducting!pines for eonflueting water from the upper header of eat-h bantl to the,lower header of the bank below. said pipes being outside the main heatZone of the generator whereby the generation of steam is substantiallyeliminatorl therein.

20. Water tube steam generator having a Ceries, of steam `generatinglinf-lined water tubes. front unner headers for the tubes. rear lowerheaders for Parli bank. a pluralit \Y of Chambers. one eorresnonfling toear-h rear bearler` means for combating water troni earb ebamber to itsrorresnorulin;7 rear header. and means, for ronrlur'ting Water from eachfront hearle." to the ebarnber corresponding to the rear bearler of thobank below.

21. A Water tube Steam generator baring a `series of Steam generatinginrlnetl Water tubos arranged in banks. a front uriner header for eachbank. a rear lower heaeler for nach bank. a plurality of chambers. oneooi-responding' to each rear hearler. means tor eonrluetinff water fromeach chamber to its rorresponflinq rear header. and ,means forronrluetinf Water from nach front header to the nbamber corresponding;to tle rear lieafler oF the bank below. ami mea s for takinfr ntl steamwhich may vollect in saifl Chambers.

ln a steam generator a nluralil'v of banks of Water tubes, front andrear headers eoulufting tbn Water from the nl therefor, tubes extendingirwarilly from one header to the other and ying in substantiallyparallel planes whe-.mbv the space oeeupied by the tubes if; reduced,and means for (mitlicting the. Water from the upper ends at' each bankof. Sutra to the lower ands; of the, next sue; .eili of tubes bel-nui,and means for colle: team from the headers at the upper ends of ...ufltux. 23. ln a steam generator tbe. combination of front anill rearheaders. nlurality of wat-er tubes ex'wntlingf una' from, the rear tothe front header s, .ping closely :uljafent one anoihe and means for perenf of a tube to the lower enfl of tbe nekt snreeediup; tube below. asteam -lrunih and i ,cr rondueting steam direetly from nach front headerto the steam drunL Q4. In a steam generator a. plurality uit banks otinclined Water tubes. the ngz-per enfle; of one bank of tube' beine;above. the lower ends of the next aimee-ling bank ot tubes above. andmeans for eoifnlnrti' e' tbe Water from the upper ei l or" eaen bank 9@tubes to the lower enrla or the nextsucceed-- ing bank of tubes belowsind means embraning water nominating means lying outside the main heatzone Wherebv .steam will not be materially ,generated therein.. a steamflrum. :incl means for conducting steam l a5 (ii-- reetlv from the upperenti of eanli tube to the steam drum.

A. water tube steam generator havingv a series ot' steam generatinginflinetl water 10a tubes arranged in banks. a front upper header fornach bank. a rear lower header tor each bank` a pluralityr olwliarnbers. one Corresponding to earh rear beafler. means for comluftiueWater from earh rhamber to 195 its enrresporuling real' lmarler :intlmeans tor rnnfluvtin;r water trono e: front, bearler to the rbarubnreorresnonrllnff to the rear lioarler ot' tbe bank lit-bmg a team elrmu,means for rmuluftins steam 'lifun earl Nin front bfaflrr flireftlv tothe ,strani elruin. and means for wonrlurtiug steam bieb mar rol lent inswirl r-banibers flirertly io the steun (lrum.

96. A water tube .steam Qenf'rator l'mvingz 115 a series ol' strainfneral'ing n.1* nerl water tubes arranged in banks. a front unna. headerfor eafh bank. a rear lower header for each bank. said tubes allextending sub stantiallv parallel to one another anrl saiil 126 bankslvingr closel;v atliarent one another. n steam (lruni. means conductingtbe steam from ear'b front hezuler rlirefftlv to tbe steam drum withoutpasses through said tubes. anil means for eontlufting: water from each125 front header to the rear header nt the, next lower bank ot tubes.sairllast mentioned means passing! at one side of said banks of tubesanrl lying substantiall)Y without the main heat zone 'of the generatorwhereby 130 the generation of steam in said last men* tioned means issubstantially eliminated.

27. In a steam generator a plurality of banks of water tubes, front andrear headers therefor, said tubesI extending upwardly from one header tothe other and lying in substantially parallel planes whereb the spaceoccupied by the tubes is reduce and means for conducting the water fromthe upper ends of each bank of tubes to the lower ends of the nextsucceeding bank of,

tubes below, steam conducting pipes for connecting each front headerwith the front header below and baliles in front of the ends of saidpipes.

28. In a steam generator a plurality of banks ofwater tubes, front andrear headers therefor, s'aid tubes extending upwardly from one header tothe other and lying in substantially parallel' planes whereby the spaceoccupied by the tubes is reduced, and means for conducting the waterfrom the upper ends of each bank of tubes to the lower ends of the nextsucceeding bank of tubes below, steam conducting pipes for connectingeach front header with the front header below and bellies in front ofthe ends of said pipes, each baille comprising a tubular shaped memberclosed at its end farthest from said pipes and cut away on its top sideand provided with an aperture in its bottom.

29. A steam generator having aseries of steam collecting headers, steamconducting pipes for connecting the front of each header with thefront'of the header below and baffles in front of the ends of saidpipes, cach baille comprisingl a tubular shaped member closed at its endfarthest from said pipes and cut away on its top side and provided withan aperture in its bottom.

30. A steam battle for steam ygenerators comprising a tubular shapedmember closed at one end and open at the other and cut away on its topside and provided with an aperture in its bottom.

31. The combination of a plurality of headers for steam generators, saidheaders being arranged one above another, steam conducting pipes forconnecting the front of each header with the front of the header below,said headers being provided with openings for the rreception of the endsof said pipes. and removable batlies opposite the ends of said pipes,carl`y balile comprising a hollow shaped member closed at its endfarthest from said pipes and havinga Harige fitting within the headeropening and the baille being cut away on its top side and provided withan aperture in its bottom.

32. A water tubo steam generator having substantially all of its steamgeneral lng water tubes inclined in the same direction and means forcausing the water to pass successively downwardly from tube to tubeuntil it reaches the bottom tubes.

33. A water tube steam generator having sets of steam generating Water`tubes one set above another and means for causing water to passsuccessively through the tubes from set to set and downward until itreaches the bottom set, and means for automatically maintaining anindependent water level in connection with the supply end of each set oftubes.

34. A water tube steam generator having substantially all of its steamgenerating water tubes inclined inthc same direction and means forcausing water to pass successively downward from tube to tube until itreaches the bottom tubes, and means for automatically maintaining apredeteriif-.ined water level in connection with the supply end ot' thelower tubes, said means being artuated responsive to variations in saidwater level from a predetern'iined point.

35. A unter tube steam generator having substantially all of its steamgenerating water tubes inclined in the same direction and means forcausing water to pass successively downward from tube to tube r-itil itreaches the bottom tubes, and means for automatically maintaining apredetermined water level to tiood the lower tubes, said means'embracing a supply pipe, a steam and water f chamber, a steam pipeleading to said chamber from the water level .in the bottom tubes, and acondenser for condensing steam in said chamber tocause the pressurewithout said chamber to raise the level of the water therein so las tofeed said supply pipe.

36. A water tube steam generator having its steam generating tubesarranged in series and means for automatically maintaining apredetermined water level to flood the lower tubes, said means embracinga water supply chamber and means for raising th'e water level in saidchamber by the con en- 'sation of Ysteam and reduction of pressure.

37.- A water tube steam generator having its steam generating tubesarranged in banks and means for automatically maintaining apredetermined water level to fiood the lower bank of tubes, said meansembracing a supply` pipe, a steam'and water cham` ber, a steanrpipeleading to said chamber from the water level in the bottom tubes, and acondense;` for condensing steam in se id chamber to vcause the pressurewithout said chamber to raise the level of the water therein so as tofeedfsaid supply pipe.

38. In a steam generator a plurality of banks of water tubes, front andrear headers therefor, said tub'es extending u w rdly :from one headerto the other and lyi'iig in substantially parallel planes whereby thespace occupied by the tubes is reduced, kand means for conducting thewater from the from the headers at the upper ends of saidv tubes, andmeans for cond noting away steam from. the headers at lower ends of thetubes.

39. A steam generator' composed of successive 'banks of straight watertubes, front and rear headers therefor, said tubes being all inclined inthe same direction, all of said tubes receiving their supply of water attheir lower ends and from the bank of tubes above after said water isfreed from steam, and 'then discharging the steam generated in said bankof tubes from the upper ends into the upper part of the front headers, asteam drum and means for conducting the steam from the headers to thesteam drum.

40. A steam generator composed of suc eessive water tubes all inclinedin the same direction. front and rear headers therefor, and meanswhereby all of the tubes receive their supply of water at their lowerends and from tubes above after said water has been freed from steamgenerated in the tubes above.

4l. A .steam generator composed of steam generating iin-lined watertubes arranged in banks and in which the steam generated always nousupwardly and with the water i lig# all the water tlows downwardly trombank to bank whereby the` water is progressively heated, and means foreollerting the steam at the upper ends of the banks.

42. A steam baille lor steam generators comi ising a hollow memberclosed at one mld and open at the other and out away on its top side.

43. A steam goueratorhaving a series of .steam rolleeliug headers. steamconducting' hiper-z for connecting the front 0i' oooh luwuleirwitli theiront olthe houder below and bullies in front ol the ends of said piprmearl. baille roiuprisuiy.' a hollow lueur l-ei' Closed at ils, end'farthest trom said pipes. open at its und nearest said 'pipi-VS. and arunaway on its top side.

1H. ""iter tubo steam generator llariiitf fsu all ot' its steamgenerating water tubos inclined iu tile same dir and means for causingwater to pal. sur wfssirrly ieunu'ard through :aid tulwsuutil it wailwsthe liotroin tuiles. :mil nuuus 'oi automatically maintaiuiu;r aiiredetermlumi f' loro! lo flood thrlower tubes. said wnlvrsuing a waterdrum. a supplyY :i steam and water rhauilier open at itsl lrotiu'f: andextending irly to the bottoni of the water drumh a Steam pipe *railingi, said miamber from ther water level in t bottoni :uhr-s a wrtoratedplate in said pl ,e to Vrslrir the pas ige ot steam there:-

trough. and i coude r for rou(lensing` om: in ufl ehauibor to cause thepressure without said chamber to raise the level of the water therein soas to feed said supply pipe.

l5. A steam generator comprising a series of water tubes connected toform a series of loops in series with one another whereby the supplywater will be fed progressively downward through said loops, each loophaving two legs both extending downwardly from their point ot'connection and means for collecting the steam genen ated from the upperend of each loop.

L16. A water tube steam generator having substantially inclinedgenerating Water tubes, means for causing Water to pass successivelydownward through said tubes until it reaches the 'bottom tube7 and meansYfor automatically maintaining a predetermined water level to flood thelower tubes, said means embracing a water drum, a simply pipe, a steamand water chamber open at its bottom and extending nearly to the bottomof the water drum, a steam pipe leading to said chamber from the waterlevel in the bottom tubes, means adapted to rest-riot the passage ofsteam therethrough, and a. condenser for condensing steam in saidrhamber to cause the pressure without said fhamber to raise the level ofthe water thereiu so :is to feed said supply pipe. 95

4T, ln a steam generator a plurality of sections of inclined generatingtubes, a header for each end of each section, means for taking olf steamfrom the headers :it the upper end ol. each section, and means for 100conducting water from each of said last mentioned headers to the lowerheader of the next succeeding section.

4S. The combination of a plurality of invlined steam generating watertubes, front 105 and rear headers therefor, means for taking olf steamfrom the upper header of each tube. and means for causing Substantiallyall the water passing through a tube to pass lo the lower header or' alower lube.

49. Thecoinbination of a plurality of inclined steam generating watertubes, means for taking olf steam at the top end of each tubi, and meansfor conducting substanlially all of the water passing through a 115 tubeio the lower and of an adjacent tube, aid rouducing 'means` beingoutside the main hout Zoneso that the generation of team (hereinsubstantially eliminated.

The combination ot' a plurality of ln- 12o vliuod steam lgeneratirigwater tubes all inrliued in ilie saine general direction, means l'ortairiuej otlsteam at the top end of each rabo and means for eondaetiugsubstaniially all of they water pass 'r through a 125 tube to the lowerend of an :u ,aeent tube, said eondui'fting means being outside tl'i'emain heat zone so the generation of steam therein is substantiallyeliminated.

5l. The combination of a plurality of inA 13g clined steam generatingwater tubes, means for taking oil' steam at the top end of each tube,and means for conducting substantially all of the water passing througha tube to the lower end of an adjacent tube.

The combination of a plurality of inclined steam generating tubes, meansfor causing substantially all water passing through a tube to pass tothe lower end of a tube or tubes below and means for taking off thesteam from the upper ends of said tubes.

53. The combination of a plurality of banks of inclined steam generatingwater tubes, headers for both ends of said tubes, means for causingsubstantially all the water passing through one bank of tubes to pass tothe lower end of the tubes of a bank below to supply the same, and meansfor taking off steam from the upper end of each bank.

54. A Water tube steam generator having all its steam generating tubesinclined and .fed with water at their lower ends whereby the waterpasses upwardly in said tubes with the steam generated, said tubes beingarranged in banks and means passing at one side of said steam generatingtubes for conducting water from the upper ends of one bank of tubes tothe lower end of an adjaeent bank of tubes.

55. A water tube steam enerator having all itssteam generating tu sinclined and fed with water at their lower ends whereby the water passesupwardly in said tubes with the steam generated,- and means forconducting water from the upper end of one tube to the lower end of anadjacent tube and so on, and means for taking off steam from the upperends of each of said'steam generating tubes.

56. In a steam generator a pluralit of ,sections of inclined generatingtubes all inclined in the same direction, a header for each end of eachsection, means for takin off steam from the headers at the upper en ofeach section, and means for conductin water from each of said lastmentione headers to the lower header of the next sueeeeding section.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ALBERT A. CARY.

Witnesses GoknAM CROSBY, EDWIN VEGER.

